Utopia Essay -- essays research papers fc

Thomas More’s, Utopia is one of the most politically and socially influential texts to date. His audience, which ranges from academic and social scholars to college students, all can gain a different understanding of the work and it’s meaning. In order to fully comprehend More’s message, one must have an appreciation for the time and culture in which he lived. After grasping historical concepts, one reads Utopia, not as just a volume recounting a fictitious island society, but rather as a critique on a time of corruption and reformation. Throughout the entire text, More’s personal views on the religion, politics, and economy of this turbulent time seep through the carefully plotted thread of this critical work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  More is seen in history through many different lights. It is difficult to historically describe the sixteenth century without mentioning More’s individual involvement as a key religious and political figure of the time. In his early life, he focuses mainly on his desire for priesthood. More lived in a monastery for years and pursued the pious life of the Carthusians only to abandon it for a political career. Many speculate that More’s reasons for leaving had to do with the corruption he witnessed in his time there and desire to engage in matrimony. The corruption and greed forming among the clergy is what triggered the Protestant Reformation, led by Martin Luther. Next, More entered into the political spotlight through parliament and as a Speaker of the House of Commons, where he spent his energy encouraging the idea of freedom of speech. His next duty was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancester, followed by the Lord Chancellor. Both of these came towar ds the end of his political and judicial career when his views began to split from those of Henry VIII. More’s disagreement with the ideas of Henry VIII and the conversion to Lutheranism was eventually the end of him, when he was beheaded for refusing to swear to the Oath of Supremacy and Act of Succession. He believed in the way of the Catholic Church till the end and paid the ultimate sacrifice of his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Evidence of More’s religious views is found throughout the text. He cleverly disguises his true opinions by inventing a fictitious traveler by the name of Raphael Hythloday, who the reader believes to be the originator of the radical ideas.... ... More spends a great deal of time in Book 1 on a conversation in which Raphael is expressing sympathy for the poor. More was rumored to also display this tendency in his life. In More’s time, the poor were at their poorest while the rich were getting richer. Food, clothing, etc, became a luxury to the homeless peasants, who often resorted to thievery.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In conclusion, More used an interesting characterization method to write a blatant critique of the societal constructs that he lived in. This was a dangerous task to undertake in a time when heresy and treason were punishable by death. More’s life achievements conflict with some of the views in his work, but that is why he calls it fiction. More lived a life of great determination and devotion. His strict lifestyle and critical analysis of the world that surrounded him served as the perfect exposition for a world that only existed in his mind. To close, a quote from Book I, Hythloday states, â€Å"You must strive to influence policy indirectly, handle the situation tactfully, and thus what you cannot turn to good, you may at least—to the extent of your powers—make less bad†(26). Works Cited

References for Assessment in Special Education Essay

Bendak, L. (2011). The role of individual educational plans in helping cycle one students with dyslexia to become better readers. Middle East Journal of Family Medicine; Nov2011, Vol. 9 Issue 9, p42-47, 6p. Retrieved January 18,2013 from http://0-web. ebscohost. com. lib1000. dlsu. edu. ph/ehost/detail? sid=16696efa-2beb-42868b5ec73dca138979%40sessionmgr12&vid=1&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ %3d%3d Abstract The purpose of this study is to highlight the importance and role of Individual Educational Plans (IEP) in helping students with Dyslexia, ages six to nine at cycle one of their elementary education. This study emphasizes the need for special education departments in schools where special education teachers can enhance the educational development of students with Dyslexia through the IEPs that identify the individual points of strength and weakness of the student with Dyslexia. The results of this study showed that the efficacy of the IEP on the development of the reading level varied depending on the initial level of difficulty of the student. [2] Burns M. K. , Jacob S. , Wagner A. R. (2007) Ethical and legal issues associated with using response-to-intervention to assess learning disabilities. Journal of School Psychology 46 (2008) 263–279. Retrieved January 18, 2013 from http://faculty. winthrop. edu/armisteadl/SchoolPsychologyResources/attachments/Burnsi_ M_K__Ethical_a. pdf Abstract The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 allows schools to use a child’s response to research-based intervention (RTI) as a part of procedures to identify students with learning disabilities. This paper considers whether RTI-based assessment models meet ethical and legal standards for acceptable assessment practices. Based on a review of available research, it was concluded that RTI based assessment practices, when carefully crafted and implemented, have the potential to be multifaceted, fair, valid, and useful. Threats to acceptable RTI-based assessment practices include: the lack of research-based interventions appropriate for diverse academic domains, ethnic groups, grades K12, and students with limited English proficiency; uncertainty regarding how to determine when nonresponse to intervention warrants formal referral for evaluation of special education eligibility; difficulty translating scientifically sound RTI practices to the local school level; and inadequate staff training and poor treatment fidelity. Suggested directions for future research are included. [3] Capizzi, A. M. (2008) From assessment to annual goal. Teaching Exceptional Children; Sep/Oct2008, Vol. 41 Issue 1, p18-25, 8p. Retrieved January 19, 2012 from http://0-web. ebscohost. com. lib1000. dlsu. edu. ph/ehost/detail? sid=66b5e959-686e-482bb3e7ead5ad631980%40sessionmgr11&vid=1&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ %3d%3d Abstract The article discusses the process of writing individualized education plans (IEPs) for special needs students and the decision making process that is involved to find and implement meaningful teaching methods and activities. It is noted that present levels of academic achievement and functional performance (PLAAFP) and other evaluation data must be utilized in the IEP plan. The impact that the U. S. Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) has on IEPs demonstrates that the measurement of academic progress is a central goal of any IEP. [4] Dunn, Michael W. (2007) Diagnosing reading disability: Reading recovery as a component of a response-to-intervention assessment method. Learning Disabilities: A Contemporary Journal, v5 n2 p31-47 2007. Retrieved January 18, 2013 from http://www.eric. ed. gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini. jsp? _nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSe arch_SearchValue_0=EJ797663&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=EJ79766 3 Abstract There is growing evidence that the current method of identifying students with a learning disability (LD) is ineffective. The wait-to-fail model of assessing students after second/third grade as well as conceptual problems in using intelligence tests for identification result in students not receiving the assistance they need during the earlyelementary school years. The educational community is discussing response to intervention (RTI) as an alternative assessment method. This study explored the assessment components of the Reading Recovery (RR) program as part of a future RTI model. By means of a discriminant-function analysis, a retrospective study of thirdthrough fifth-grade students who participated in RR during first grade investigated assessment elements (beginning text level, ending text level, and number of weeks’ participation in RR) of this program. The results showed that RR assessment elements were significant predictors of first-grade students who were later identified as having a reading disability. Ending text level was consistently the largest predictor of students later classified as having a reading disability or not. (Contains 4 tables. ) [5] Dykeman, Bruce F. (2006) Alternative strategies in assessing special education needs. Education, v127 n2 p265-273 Win 2006. Retrieved January 18, 2013 from http://www. eric. ed. gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini. jsp? _nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSe arch_SearchValue_0=EJ765825&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=EJ76582 5. Abstract The conventional use of standardized testing within a discrepancy analysis model is reviewed. The Response-to-Intervention (RTI) process is explained, along with descriptions of assessment procedures within RTI: functional assessment, authentic assessment, curriculum-based measurement, and play-based assessment. Psychometric issues relevant to RTI and standardized testing are discussed. [6] Dykeman, Bruce F. (2009) Response to Intervention: The Functional Assessment of Children Returning to School with Traumatic Brain Injury. Education, v130 n2 p295-300 Win 2009. Retrieved January 18, 2013 from http://www. eric. ed. gov/ERICWebPortal/search/detailmini. jsp? _nfpb=true&_&ERICExtSe arch_SearchValue_0=EJ871665&ERICExtSearch_SearchType_0=no&accno=EJ87166 5 Abstract Children with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) face many demands when completing their rehabilitation and returning to school. Although the prognosis can be favorable for many children, the course of recovery poses unique challenges for children and staff alike. To this end, a functional assessment of TBI children within a Response-to-Intervention (RTI) model provides a comprehensive strategy of easing transition to the school and charting progress throughout the course of recovery. Literature is reviewed and applicability to the RTI model is discussed. [7] Fabiano, G. A. et. al. (2010) Enhancing the effectiveness of special education programming for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder using a daily report card. School Psychology Review; 2010, Vol.39 Issue 2, p219-239, 21p. Retrieved January 19, 2013 from http://0web. ebscohost. com. lib1000. dlsu. edu. ph/ehost/detail? sid=639450fe-4a86-49fa-858914d34d130ecc%40sessionmgr4&vid=1&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ% 3d%3d. Abstract Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) make up a considerable proportion of students who receive special education services in schools. The present study aimed to enhance the outcomes of students with ADHD in special education settings by using a daily report card (DRC). Thirty-three children with ADHD in special education placements were randomly assigned to an intervention condition wherein behavioral consultants worked with the teacher and parent to construct and implement a DRC based on the child’s individualized education plan goals and objectives. These children were compared to 30 children in a business as usual control condition. Results indicated positive effects of the DRC on observations of classroom functioning, individualized education plan goal attainment, and teacher ratings of academic productivity and disruptive behavior in the classroom. Further, a greater percentage of children with ADHD in the DRC group were normalized on measures of disruptive behavior and impairment. The intervention did not result in incremental improvement in academic achievement, teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms or impairment, or the student-teacher relationship. The implications of these results for working with children with ADHD in special education settings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] [8] Grigorenko E. L. (2010). Dynamic assessment and response to intervention: Two sides of one coin. Journal of Learning Disability 42 [2] 111-132. Retrieved January 18, 2013 from http://ldx. sagepub. com/content/42/2/111. full. pdf+html Abstract This article compares and contrasts the main features of dynamic testing and assessment (DT/A) and response to intervention (RTI). The comparison is carried out along the following lines: (a) historical and empirical roots of both concepts, (b) premises underlying DT/A and RTI, (c) terms used in these concepts, (d) use of these concepts, (e) evidence in support of DT/A and RTI, and (f) expectations associated with each of the concepts. The main outcome of this comparison is a conclusion that both approaches belong to one family of methodologies in psychology and education whose key feature is in blending assessment and intervention in one holistic activity. Because DT/A has been around much longer than RTI, it makes sense for the proponents of RTI to consider both the accomplishments and frustrations that have accumulated in the field of DT/A. [9] Haydon T. (2012). Using functional behavior assessment to match task difficulty for a 5th grade student: A case study. Education Treatment of Children, 35 [3], 459-476 Abstract We used an AB design with a control condition to examine the effects of an academic strategy on a student with a learning disability during a 5th grade math class. During baseline the student had high rates of disruptive behavior, low percentages of intervals of on-task behavior, and low percentages of correct responses. An antecedent-based intervention was developed to target the student’s escape-maintained behavior during independent seatwork. The intervention consisted of matching task difficulty with the student’s level of performance based on his success in a special education resource room. During intervention the targeted student demonstrated lower rates of disruptive behavior, higher levels of on-task behavior, and higher percentages of correct responses. The student’s positive results were compared to his performance in a special education resource room. A discussion on study limitations, implications, and future research directions is included. [10] Kern L. (2007). Functional Assessment-Based Intervention for Selective Mutism. Behavioral Disorders; Feb2007, Vol. 32 Issue 2, p94-108, 15p. Retrieved January 19, 2013 from http://0-web. ebscohost. com. lib1000. dlsu. edu. ph/ehost/detail? sid=652066c08587-4865-a2d7fd85e2d7e7c5%40sessionmgr11&vid=1&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ %3d%3d Abstract The process of functional assessment has emerged as an essential component for intervention development. Applications across divergent types of problem behavior, however, remain limited. This study evaluated the applicability of this promising approach to students with selective mutism. Two middle school students served as participants. The functional assessment included indirect and direct methods as well as a specially designed student interview that did not require speech. Individualized interventions were developed and experimentally evaluated. Results indicated that the assessment-based interventions effectively increased speaking in school contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] [11]. Lynch, S. & Adams, P. (2008) Developing Standards-Based Individualized Education Program Objectives for Students With Significant Needs. Teaching Exceptional Children; Jan/Feb2008, Vol. 40 Issue 3, p36-39, 4p. Retrieved January 19, 2013 from http://0-web. ebscohost. com. lib1000. dlsu. edu. ph/ehost/detail? sid=ca2e5664-4ebc-4a20800f8331f3bca0c6%40sessionmgr4&vid=1&hid=11&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ% 3d%3d.

Essay on Lower the Drinking Age To 18 - 453 Words

The age of drinking has been an issue in our country for a long time and there are many regards on why the age is set at 21. The federal government should not impose a drinking age of 21. The drinking age should be lowered to the age of 18 for the following reasons; one, most people between the age of 18-20 are drinking alcohol already, and two, you should have the right to purchase alcohol when you reach the age of 18, because that is the age when you are considered and adult and have many rights and freedom. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;It is common to find people under the age of 21 in the possession of alcohol. In allot of gatherings such as Faternity and High Shool parties, drinking is the main thing going†¦show more content†¦The High School students drink to and a friday night for them and college students usually has alcohol involved in it. In allot of cases, many upper classmates will buy the lower classmates alcohol and even go and get drunk with them on the weekends. It is very easy to get alcohol and this shows that consuming alcohol at the age of 18 is tolerant. So I don’t see why the government makes a law that most people don’t follow anyways. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The second reason to change the legal drinking age to 18 is because you are considered to be an adult at this age. When you are 18 you have the right to vote, get married, go to war, buy a gun, and plus your prosecuted as an adult when your charged with a crime. That same person, however, cannot walk into the bar after a hard days work and enjoy a glass of beer or wine. That’s funny that the government basically says that when your 18 you can go to war and die for your country and then says that same person is not responsible enough when it comes to drinking. This is a violation to ones freedom as an adult. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Alcohol has been a topic among people under the age of 21 for a long time. Many underage people can and will get alcohol if they want it, there is always someone out there who will buy it for them. Nevertheless the legal age to drink and purchase alcohol should be change from 21 to 18, because of the reasonShow MoreRelatedTo Lower or Not to Lower the Legal Drinking Age to 18, That Is the Question881 Words   |  4 Pagesthat binge drinking is on the rise among college students (Eisenberg n.p.). With an increase of alcohol consumption by underage drinkers, it only seems logical to lower the drinking age to prevent binge drinking, however there are far more consequences to be seen. Lowering the drinking age to 18 will not solve the binge drinking problem among college students but will cause more problems. In this paper I will explain the reason why lowering the drinking age will not stop binge drinking and the adverseRead MoreAnalyzing the Demand to Lower the Drinking Age to 181933 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Analyzing the Push to Lower the Drinking Age to 18 Introduction According to Andrew Mark Lisa in the preface to his online petition to see the national drinking age limit lowered, it is not only young people but also colleges across America who are interested in promoting legislation that will lower the drinking age. Lisa references a Time magazine article, which quotes Dartmouth College President James Wright as stating that a lowered age limit would help prevent alcohol abuse because campusesRead MoreEssay about Lower the Drinking Age To 18561 Words   |  3 Pages The drinking age in the United States is a contradiction. At the age of eighteen, one can drive a car, vote in an election, get married, serve in the military and buy tobacco products. In the United States you are legally an adult at eighteen. An eighteen-year-old, however, cannot purchase alcoholic beverages. The minimum drinking age should be lowered from twenty-one in the United States. Unbelievably, the United States citizens trust their sixteen-year-old children to drive three thousand poundRead MoreEssay about Why the Drinking Age Should Be Lowered to 18872 Words   |  4 PagesLowering the drinking age to 18 would make a lot of sense in the world. Lowering the drinking age to 18 would make more sense. It would be better for the teens that drink on college campus. The drinking age should be lowered to 18 because you can vote at eighteen, buy tobacco, it’ll reduce the thrill of breaking the law, evidence supports that early introduction of drinking is the safest way to reduce juvenile alcohol abuse, and college people that are not 21 drink also. If teenagers that are nowRead MoreWhy Lowering The Drinking Age Is A Good Idea?. Lowering1627 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Drinking Age is a Good Idea? Lowering the drinking age to 18 in the United States has been a source of controversy in recent years. It has been a controversial topic because many people disagree, while many agree with the topic. For example, the people who disagree and are against lowering the drinking age to 18 believe we should not lower the drinking age because 18 year old individuals are not responsible enough to drink alcohol. While, the people who agree we should lower the drinking ageRead MoreThe Minimum Legal Drinking Age1594 Words   |  7 PagesThe Drinking Age is Safer than You Thought As Americans, we are always wondering what we can do to save lives. We suspect cancer, disease, suicide, violence, and distracted driving as taking the lives of our fellow Americans. What you may not know, is that we are already saving lives, and we have been since 1984 because of one simple law. The Uniform Drinking Age Act of 1984 moved the minimum legal drinking age from 18 to 21. Lowering the drinking age is a step backward for our safety and ourRead MoreLowering Legal Drinking Age Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesLowering the Drinking Age Half the United States population starts drinking at the age of 14.When you are 18 you have privileges like joining the army. (Mitch Adams Lowering the drinking age page 1) You can go to war and die for your country but you still can not enjoy an ice cold beer. (Mitch Adams Lowering the drinking age page 1) How is being 21 different from being 18? How does three more years of not drinking make you mature enough to drink? The longer you drink the more you start toRead MoreWhy Lower the Legal Drinking Age?801 Words   |  3 Pagesthat lower the drinking age below 21 lose 10% of their annual federal highway appropriations (Haevens). This is the main reason the legal drinking age has not been lower below 21 years of age.a large number of the general population desires a lower drinking age. In the 25 years since the legal drinking age was set at 21, seven states have tried to lower it. (Wechsier ).It is unfair for the federal government to withhold money from states if they exercise their rights to set the legal drinking ageRead MoreUnderage Drinking Is Part Of The Culture Of College1734 Words   |  7 PagesI did discover is that underage drinking is part of the culture in college, also the friends that I had in high school who are 21 now I have discovered they drink some of the least amount now. Which has begun to make me wonder why people who are 21 drink less than people who are underage. I believe that when people are 21 they now do not have to worry about the next time they can get alcohol. Congress should lower the drinking age from 21 to 18 because at age 18 when they are in c ollege, for someRead MoreLower the Drinking Age Essay examples1430 Words   |  6 Pages Lowering the drinking age to 18 would help prevent the crime and personal injuries that are caused by alcohol abuse. Although many states are trying to get the drinking age lowered, there are many groups and national statistics that are keeping the drinking set at 21. For example, â€Å"The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration says laws setting the drinking age at 21 have cut traffic fatalities involving drivers by 13 percent† (Keen). They are hoping that by keeping the age set at 21, people

Job Search Tips Private School Teacher Openings

If you’re thinking about starting your career as a teacher, you might want to consider applying for private school teaching jobs. Whether you’re a veteran teacher looking for something different, someone making a career change, or a new college graduate, check out these four tips to help you with the private school jobsearch. 1. Start your job search early. Private schools don’t operate on a quick turnaround system when it comes to hiring, unless theres a mid-year vacancy, which is highly unusual.  It may be surprising to know that private schools often start looking for candidates as early as December, for positions that will be open in the fall. Typically, teaching positions are filled by March or April, so applying for positions early is important. That doesn’t mean that teaching opportunities aren’t available after the spring, but private school jobs are at their peak in the winter months. Check out the National Association of Independent Schools to see what job search listings have been posted. If you have a specific geographic location you want to teach in, look for state or regional independent school associations, too. 2. Get help with your private school job search: Use a FREE recruiter There are several companies out there that work with candidates to help them with the private school job search. These companies help candidates find the right private schools to apply to, and they often know of positions before they are publicly posted, meaning you have a leg up on your competition. A bonus to the job seeker is that the services of the recruiters are free; the school will pick up the tab if youre hired.  Many of these companies, like Carney, Sandoe Associates  even have conferences dedicated to your job search. In these one, two or sometimes three-day events, you have the chance to participate in mini interviews with school administrators from across the country. Think of it like speed dating for jobs. These recruiting sessions can be hit or miss, but they can also help you meet with schools you may never have considered before because of the ease of making an appointment. Your recruiter will help you not only find open positions, but determine if the job is th e right fit for you. And, some of these companies don’t just find teaching jobs. Applicants interested in administrative positions can also benefit from these recruiting agencies. Whether you’re looking to serve as a head of school (akin to a principal for those who aren’t familiar with independent schools), development officer, admission officer, marketing director, or school counselor, just to name a few, there are hundreds of listings available. Similar to teaching positions, often the recruiters know of the open positions before they are advertised, which means you get to beat the crowd and be seen more easily. Plus, agencies often have listings for positions that arent publicly posted; sometimes, its all about who you know, and your recruiter is likely in the know. Your recruiter will get to know you personally, which means he or she can also vouch for you as a candidate, which is especially helpful if you’re new to the industry. 3. You don’t need a teaching certificate. Public schools typically require teachers to pass a standardized test to certify their teaching abilities, but that’s not necessarily true at private schools. While many private school teachers do hold teaching certifications, it’s not usually a requirement. Most private schools look at your own education, career and life experiences, and natural teaching abilities as qualifications. New private school teachers often go through an internship program or work closely with a veteran teacher to help them become accustomed to this new career path and learn as they go. That doesn’t mean that private school teachers aren’t as qualified as public school teachers, it just means that private schools don’t rely on standardized tests to determine a candidate’s ability to excel in the classroom. This also makes teaching at private school a common second career for many individuals. It can be daunting for many professionals to even consider taking a standardized test, which means many qualified teaching candidates arent even going to consider applying. Private schools capitalize on this opportunity to attract professionals looking for a change. Imagine learning physics from a former engineer who worked on projects for the International Space Station, or studying economics from a former investment analyst. These individuals bring a wealth of knowledge and real world experience to the classroom that can greatly enhance the learning environment for students. The admission office and marketing team also enjoy these second-career teachers, as they often make great stories for promoting the school, especially if teachers have non-traditional methods of teaching that engage students in studying. Think you fit that model? 4. Your hobbies can help you in the job search. Private school teachers often do more than just teach. They also serve as advisors, mentors, club sponsors, coaches, and, at boarding schools, dorm parents. That means, you have the opportunity to excel in multiple ways, and doesnt mean that years of teaching experience will always win out. Yes, you still need to be a highly qualified candidate, but having multiple strengths can help a younger teaching candidate who can coach a varsity team  edge out someone with more teaching experience but no coaching abilities. Were you a high school or college athlete? Play on a local sports team just for fun? That knowledge of the sport and experience can make you more valuable to the school. The higher your level of experience in a sport, the more valuable you are to the school. Maybe you’re an English teach or even a math teacher who loves writing; an interest in advising the student newspaper or participating in the theater productions could make you more valuable to the school, and again, gives you an edge over a candidate who only excels in teaching. Have you lived in multiple countries and speak numerous languages? Private schools value diversity and life experience, which can help teachers better connect with students from around the world. Think about your experience and activities, and how they might help make you a stronger candidate. Always check out the sports and activities a school offers to find out if you might be able to help them in more ways than one.

The Role of Materialism and Religion in the Spread of Global Literature review

Essays on The Role of Materialism and Religion in the Spread of Global Consumption or Brands Literature review The paper "The Role of Materialism and Religion in the Spread of Global Consumption or Brands" is a wonderful example of a literature review on marketing. Human behavior relates indirectly or directly to the consumption of particular products. Human beings are deemed as consumers of products naturally (Mittal, 2006). However, the human consumption behavior basis solely on the survival needs of consumers especially the physical needs. If human behavior in their consumption were merely dominated by decisions made rationally, based on their natural driven needs, conspicuous consumption for consumers would not existent in the broad market. The desire of possessing materials and having money to spend precisely indicates that rational behavior in humans is not the sole factor, which prevails in consumer behavior. It means that many other factors that are inherent in man and affecting human consumption a terrific deal, therefore, transferring brand consumption. This paper concentrates on di scussing the role of materialism and religion in the spread of global consumption or brands.A great example of materialism affecting the consumption of brands is the complicating landscape of U.S. consumerism in the patterns of consumer consumption after the attack (Hanley Mari, 1992). Communities in America at the time got worried, because of the ideal magnitude as well as the impact of the attacks of terrorism, that the enormous attack would ultimately initiate an economic recession in the country. American brand consumers, nevertheless, boosted the market economy of the country by buying, mortgages, motor engines, electrical appliances and luxury goods, for instance, television sets, RVs, and Jet Skis in absolute great quantities in the aftermath of the attacks of terrorism later in October (Hanley Mari, 1992). A fascinating and overwhelming question, in this case, is what exactly, was the builder of the excessive pursuit of the many products by consumers showing clearly that a consumer materialism behavior was on the upsurge (Greenberg, Tom, Sheldon Linda, 1994).On the same concept of materialism, better explanations emerge from many scholars. Insight on possible factors fueling the post-September 11 rises in consumer purchase can be drawn mainly from scholar’s arguments in the recent times of terror management theory (Greenberg, Tom, Sheldon Linda, 1994). Terror Theory (TMT) is espoused as positing that events in consumer consumption, which remind people of the prospect of when they will die therefore develops in humans some anxiety that builds in a potential manner, often named existential anxiety (Mittal, 2006). TMT as a theory of consumption further argues that, when people have in mind the mortality belief, they tend to use many approaches for coping with the anxiety including enhancement of self-esteem and the defense of the cultural worldview. All these coping strategies are excellent as ways of alleviating existential anxiety bringing in an element of materialism (Greenberg, Tom, Sheldon Linda, 1994).

An Old Woman. Free Essays

The poem is highly symbolic and very common placed in it’s subject matter. The poet was impressed by the temple of Kandoba at Jajori and the poem is thus against this setting. â€Å"An Old Woman† is a graphic picture of a beggar woman. We will write a custom essay sample on An Old Woman. or any similar topic only for you Order Now Having lost the promises of her past, she is reduced to her present state. As the speaker views her squarely, he, in a sort of ‘revelation’, becomes aware of the decay which has set in her person and which is extended to the decaying tradition symbolized by the hills and the temples. Without using many words, the old woman forces the narrator to look at her from closed quarters. It is then that he realizes the hypocrisy of society and the decadence of the social system that has ruined the old woman to a beggar. he finds that the social fabric is destroyed, architectural features go into ruins. Human values are forgotten. The old woman’s condition reduces the narrator to a small status when he feels as insignificant as that small coin in her hand. This poem humbles us to remember our responsibility to society. It reveals the callousness, a failure on our part to take care of the elderly, protect our heritage and preserve our values. In the rush of materialism and the desire to achieve, one takes all that one can from society, but giving the same back is largely forgotten. So the cracking hills, crumbling temples, crumbling of social order is directly a result of our negligence, our failure to act responsibly. Somewhere, the materialistic world has made man selfish, trapping him in a race to accumulate. When society has to face this onslaught, cracks appear, but selfish man forgets to repair the cracks, forgets to salvage lost values, thereby creating a dilapidated social fabric†¦. How to cite An Old Woman., Essay examples

Buying Behaviour in Pampers Business Model

Question: Describe about the Buying Behaviour in Pampers for Business Model. Answer: Customer Buying Behaviour Customer buying behaviour of Pampers can be evaluated by following the five stage model shown in figure 1. Figure 1: Five Stage Model of Customer Buying Behaviour of Pampers (Source: Jeet 2014) Problem recognition Procedure of buying begins by a consumer when he recognizes a problem or need triggered by any external or internal stimuli (Jeet 2014). In case of Pampers the problem is recognizable. The issue is babies and small kids keep wetting their pants and therefore, it is paramount to buy something that can control this problem (Malik et al. 2013). Being a well-known brand, it is easy for consumers to decide to buy pampers in the first place. Information search In order to search for information, main sources of consumers are, Personal: friends, associates, family Commercial: advertisings, sales people, packaging, website Public: Companies that have well consume rating Observed: usage, using the artefact Pampers is using all these mediums to interact and attract customers Evaluation of Alternatives After gathering all the information, a consumer evaluates all available alternatives. Purchase decision Before buying Pampers, consumers are influenced by some prevailing factors that include surprising situational factors and attitudes of others (Jeet 2014). Some risks that exist are purposeful risks, financial risks, time risks, physical risk and psychological risk (Malik et al. 2013). Pampers consciously handle all those risks to provide a suitable buying experience to its customers. Post purchase decision After purchase if a consumer experience dissension from hearing positive things about other brands, then he will shift his buying behaviour (Malik et al. 2013). Marketing team of Pampers observe post-purchase actions and post-purchase product use including dumping to uphold its consumer base. References Jeet, K., 2014. Cause marketing and its impact on consumer buying behavior.International Journal of Marketing and Technology,4(2), p.79. Malik, M.E., Ghafoor, M.M., Iqbal, H.K., Ali, Q., Hunbal, H., Noman, M. and Ahmad, B., 2013. Impact of brand image and advertisement on consumer buying behavior.World Applied Sciences Journal,23(1), pp.117-122